History of 1st JULY

1.  Vespasian, a Roman army leader, is hailed as a Roman emperor by the Egyptian legions.on July 1 69

2.  England and Scotland sign the Peace of Greenwich.on July 1 1543

3.  An English fleet under the Earl of Essex, Lord Howard of Effingham and Francis Vere capture and sack Cadiz, Spain.on July 1 1596

4.  Led by Marshall Luxembourg, the French defeat the forces of the Grand Alliance at Fleurus in the Netherlands.on July 1 1690

5.  British troops depart from their base at the Bouquet River to head toward Ticonderoga, New York.on July 1 1777

6.  Napoleon Bonaparte takes Alexandria, Egypt.on July 1 1798

7.  Charles Darwin presents a paper on his theory of evolution to the Linnean Society in London.on July 1 1838

8.  Union artillery stops a Confederate attack at Malvern Hill, Virginia.on July 1 1862

9.  In the first day’s fighting at Gettysburg, Federal forces retreat through the town and dig in at Cemetery Ridge and Cemetery Hill.on July 1 1863

10. Canada, by the terms of the British North America Act, becomes an independent dominion.on July 1 1867

11. Montenegro declares war on the Turks.on July 1 1876

12. American troops take San Juan Hill and El Caney, Cuba, from the Spaniards.on July 1 1898

13. The Battle of the Somme begins. Approximately 30,000 men are killed on the first day, two-thirds of them British.on July 1 1916

14. Axis troops capture Sevastopol, Crimea, in the Soviet Union.on July 1 1942

15. The New York State Commission Against Discrimination is established–the first such agency in the United States.on July 1 1945

16. American ground troops arrive in South Korea to halt the advancing North Korean army.on July 1 1950

17. British troops land in Kuwait to aid against Iraqi threats.on July 1 1961

18. The U.S. postmaster introduces the ZIP code.on July 1 1963

19. The U.S. Marines launch Operation Holt in an attempt to finish off a Vietcong battalion in Thua Thien Province in Vietnam.on July 1 1966